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packages:manage [2014/01/02 03:02]
admin [Source Packages]
packages:manage [2015/11/22 03:33] (current)
admin [Find what package a specific file does come from]
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-====== ​Adding a Repo(sitory) to Your Sources ​======+====== ​Managing Packages ​====== 
 +Useful information about managing packages can be found [[http://​newbiedoc.sourceforge.net/​tutorials/​apt-get-intro/​info.html.en|in the Source Forge newbie documentation]].
  
-==== Package ​Management ​====+Here are a few commands that might come handy whenever you seek information about [installed] packages on your system: 
 + 
 +==== Updating package list from sources ==== 
 +One thing you always need to do before working with packages on your system, is **make sure your package list is up-to-date**,​ this is achieved by using this command: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +sudo apt-get update 
 +</​code>​ 
 + 
 +This will simply update your package list information,​ it won't install or modify anything further, so it is safe to run anytime. 
 + 
 +==== Search the package descriptions you've downloaded ==== 
 +apt-cache only knows about the **package descriptions you've already downloaded**,​ to search among **ALL** known Debian packages you need to browse to [[http://​packages.debian.org/​]] to see what's available. 
 + 
 +Example: getting information about php 
 +<​code>​ 
 +sudo apt-cache search php5 
 +</​code>​ 
 + 
 +==== Get more information about a package ==== 
 +To display what a package is designed to do, use: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +apt-cache show php5-dev 
 +</​code>​ 
 + 
 +==== Get versionning information ==== 
 +<​code>​ 
 +apt-cache policy <​package>​ 
 +</​code>​ 
 +==== List all installed packages ==== 
 +To show **what packages are installed** on your system, and know if they need configuration use: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +sudo dpkg -l 
 +</​code>​ 
 +You can limit the output using grep: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +sudo dpkg -l | grep php 
 +</​code>​ 
 + 
 +**NOTE** dpkg -l can be use with the \* or '​*'​ argument to also list uninstalled packages: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +sudo dpkg -l \* 
 +sudo dpkg -l \*php\* 
 +</​code>​ 
 +This is equivalent to: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +sudo dpkg -l '​*'​ 
 +sudo dpkg -l '​*php*'​ 
 +</​code>​ 
 +This will let you know what packages are installed (ii), uninstalled (un) or are marked to be purged (pn). 
 + 
 +==== Find what package a specific file does come from ==== 
 +Here's how to find which package contains/​supplies a certain file: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +sudo dpkg -S postmaster 
 +sudo dpkg -S '​doc/​*sql'​ | cut -f1 -d: | sort -u 
 +</​code>​ 
 + 
 +==== Removing an Installed Package ==== 
 + 
 +To completely remove an already installed package: 
 +<​code>​ 
 +> apt-get --purge remove <​package>​ 
 +</​code>​ 
 +===== Adding a Repo(sitory) to Your Sources ===== 
 +==== Package ​Repositories ​====
 Debian and Debian based distributions (Linspire, Xandros, Ubuntu, and Mepis to name a few) use a tool called APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) to manage all software on the system. The term "​package"​ refers to an individual file with a .deb extension that contains either all or part of an application. Debian and Debian based distributions (Linspire, Xandros, Ubuntu, and Mepis to name a few) use a tool called APT (Advanced Packaging Tool) to manage all software on the system. The term "​package"​ refers to an individual file with a .deb extension that contains either all or part of an application.
  
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 Linux Mint Debian Edition comes with some default repositories that are already setup, but these contain only a portion of the freely available software out there waiting for you. Linux Mint Debian Edition comes with some default repositories that are already setup, but these contain only a portion of the freely available software out there waiting for you.
  
 +==== Choosing a Mirror ====
 +<wrap todo>TO BE COMPLETED</​wrap>​
 ==== /​etc/​apt/​sources.list ==== ==== /​etc/​apt/​sources.list ====
  
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 ==== Source Packages ==== ==== Source Packages ====
-No all repos provide source packages, if a repo only provides .deb packages, omit the second line (deb-src) when adding the repo to your sources. Otherwise, apt-get update will stop with an error of type:+Not all repos provide source packages, if a repo only provides .deb packages, omit the second line (deb-src) when adding the repo to your sources. Otherwise, apt-get update will stop with an error of type:
 <​code>​ <​code>​
 Failed to fetch http://​download.myrepo.org/​repository/​debian/​dists/​wheezy/​InRelease Failed to fetch http://​download.myrepo.org/​repository/​debian/​dists/​wheezy/​InRelease
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 <​code>​ <​code>​
-sudo add-apt-repository deb http://​download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian wheezy contrib+sudo add-apt-repository deb http://​download.myrepo.org/repository/debian wheezy contrib
 </​code>​ </​code>​
  
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 sudo apt-get install python-software-properties sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
 </​code>​ </​code>​
-==== Package / Software Managers ====+===== Package / Software Managers ====
 +<wrap todo>TO BE COMPLETED</​wrap>​